Laser vision correction

Laser vision correction is one of the most popular and effective methods for eliminating various vision defects. The absence of frames and contact lenses, the ability to see clearly without aids - all this makes laser correction the most attractive choice for many people suffering from nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and other vision problems.

Laser eye surgery uses advanced technology to precisely and safely transform the cornea. This is necessary in order to correct the refractive power and thereby improve the quality of vision. The surgery is performed with high-precision lasers that modify the eye tissue with minimal risk and complications for the patient.

However, considering the specifics and costs of such surgery, many people with eye diseases will certainly benefit from learning about the benefits and possible risks of the procedure. We also look at how to choose the right specialist and how to prepare for surgery to achieve the best results.

What is laser vision correction and in what cases is it performed?

Laser vision correction, also known as laser refractive surgery, is a modern procedure that uses laser equipment to correct vision problems and eliminate dependence on glasses or contact lenses. The main goal of laser vision correction is to reshape the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye, so that light is focused precisely on the retina.

This is achieved by using a laser beam to remove microscopic layers of tissue from the cornea, which changes its curvature and thereby improves the focusing of light. The procedure allows patients to eliminate the need to wear glasses or contact lenses, improving the quality of their vision.

Indications for surgery:

1. Short-sightedness (myopia). This is a condition in which a person has difficulty focusing on distant objects because light is excessively focused in front of the retina. Laser vision correction can reshape the cornea so that light is focused on the retina, improving distance vision.
2. Farsightedness (hypermetropia). A condition in which a person has difficulty seeing close objects clearly, usually due to refraction problems. The operation allows to correct the disease and with only 1 procedure.
3. Astigmatism. A vision disorder in which the cornea or lens is asymmetrical or irregularly shaped. This results in distortion of light on the retina of the eye, which in turn results in blurred and distorted images both near and far.

Laser vision correction is considered a safe and effective procedure for correcting almost any vision defect. However, before deciding on the procedure, a detailed eye examination and consultation with an experienced ophthalmologist is absolutely necessary to determine the appropriate method, evaluate the possible risks and benefits in each specific case.

When is laser vision correction recommended?

Laser vision correction, also known as laser refractive surgery, is recommended in the following main cases:

1. Intolerance to contact lenses. If the patient has difficulty wearing contact lenses or it causes various problems, including discomfort, allergic reactions or damage to the cornea, laser correction is recommended as an alternative to vision correction.
2. Profession or type of activity. Many professions require excellent vision where glasses or contact lenses cannot be worn - airline pilots, military personnel, athletes or firefighters. In order to improve vision and ensure independence from corrective aids, laser correction is recommended.
3. Myopia (between -1 and -15 diopters), farsightedness (+3 diopters) and astigmatism (+5 diopters). Corrective surgery can improve near vision and eliminate the need to wear glasses or contact lenses for near work.

Laser correction can also be effective in correcting astigmatism, which can be severe and can reach +5 diopters. Patients with astigmatism may experience blurred vision and distortion, and laser correction can help correct these problems.

Types of vision correction operations performed

Experts observe various procedures and methods aimed at improving the vision of people with certain problems or defects of the visual system. However, if we talk about operations, they can be divided into 2 large categories:

1. LASIK (Assisted in situ Karetomyleusis). One of the most common laser vision correction procedures, the surgeon creates a thin, flap-like peel on the cornea, then lifts it to reveal the depth of the correction and uses a laser to remove a thin layer of the cornea. The valve is then placed back into place, ensuring a quick recovery and minimal pain.
2. PRK (photorefractive keratectomy). An alternative surgical option to restore clarity of vision in which the surface layer of the cornea is completely removed and the laser is applied directly to the exposed surface. After the procedure, the cornea heals on its own, although it takes some time to restore vision.

However, before making a final decision to undergo vision correction surgery, you should consult with an experienced ophthalmologist. This makes it possible to correctly assess the situation and choose the most appropriate method, taking into account the characteristics of the visual system and the wishes of a particular patient.

Contraindications for laser vision correction

In general, laser vision correction is considered a safe and effective procedure for many people who suffer from certain types of refractive disease. However, it is important to note that there are also several contraindications that make this procedure unsafe for certain patients. The main contraindications for laser vision correction are:

1. He is a minor. Laser vision correction is not recommended for children and teenagers because their eyes are still developing.
2. Pregnancy and breastfeeding. During this period, women's visual acuity may change, so it is recommended to postpone the procedure until the end of breastfeeding.
3. Change in refraction. Laser correction is not recommended for patients with active changes in clarity due to conditions such as diabetic retinopathy or glaucoma.
4. Physical damage to the cornea. If the patient has scars, ulcers, or other corneal abnormalities, laser correction may not be an appropriate or safe procedure.
5. Dry eyes. Patients who frequently experience a burning sensation in their eyes may experience worsening symptoms following laser vision correction treatment.
6. Diseases of the cornea. Laser vision correction is not recommended for patients with diseases such as keratoconus or corneal dystrophy.
7. Problems with the fundus. Patients with certain fundus conditions, including macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy, may have restrictions on surgery.
8. Autoimmune diseases. People with autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus or Sjogren's syndrome) have an increased risk of complications after laser surgery.
9. Eye infections or inflammations. In case of active eye infections, inflammatory processes or conjunctivitis, it is recommended to postpone laser correction until complete recovery.
10. Taking certain medications. Some drugs that affect the immune system can affect the healing process even after laser correction, so their use may be contraindicated.

The list of contraindications may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the patient and the doctor's recommendations. Before laser vision correction, you must undergo a thorough examination and specialist consultation to assess the patient's possible contraindications and decide on the possibility of the procedure.

How laser vision correction works: stages of surgery

Most often, eye surgeons perform LASIK, which can help improve the vision of people with nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hypermegaly), or astigmatism. Here are the main steps of LASIK surgery:

1. Preliminary examination. Before the operation, the patient must undergo a preliminary eye examination, which includes measuring vision, checking the shape and thickness of the cornea and the general condition of the eye.
2. Anesthesia. Before the operation, the patient's eyes are numbed with anesthetic drops.
3. Creating a corneal valve. The surgeon creates a small valve in the cornea using a mechanical or laser device. A microkeratome method or a femtosecond laser can be used to create the valve.
4. Vision correction. After creating the corneal valve, the doctor uses an excimer laser to remove a thin layer of corneal tissue. This changes its shape to correct the vision defect. In the case of myopia, the center of the cornea becomes flat, and in the case of hyperopia, it becomes steeper. In order to correct astigmatism, the shape of the cornea is modified accordingly.
5. Closing the valve. After completing the vision correction, the surgeon carefully closes the corneal valve that has been created. Usually self-fixing, without seams.

After the surgery, the patient is advised to rest and avoid straining the eyes, as the vision may be blurred for several hours, but in most cases everything returns quickly.

Advantages of laser vision correction

Recently, more and more people decide to restore their vision with laser correction. Here are the benefits:

1. High efficiency. Laser vision correction is one of the most successful vision correction methods available today, as people can significantly improve their vision with this procedure.
2. Speedy recovery. After laser correction, most patients notice a very rapid recovery of vision. After the procedure, they can return to their daily activities and even drive again within a few days.
3. Eliminates the discomfort caused by contact lenses and glasses. The procedure allows people to get rid of the need to wear glasses, which is especially convenient for people who play sports or lead an active lifestyle.
4. Duration of the result obtained. In most cases, the result of laser vision correction is stable and long-lasting. After the intervention, the vision of many patients stabilizes, and some do not even require further correction.
5. Personalized approach at reliable clinics. The modern technologies of laser vision correction enable a high degree of individualization. Doctors use advanced equipment to create an accurate map of the cornea and analyze other factors tailored to each patient. This allows for maximum accuracy and results that best suit individual needs.
6. Comfort and convenience. After laser vision correction, patients no longer have to worry about always having glasses or contact lenses with them. This brings significant comfort and convenience to everyday life.
7. A wide range of corrections. Laser vision correction can be used to correct various types of refractive errors, such as nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism. This means that most people with these vision problems may be candidates for this procedure.
8. Speed. Laser vision correction itself usually only takes a few minutes per eye. It is a very quick process that allows patients to quickly achieve the desired results and return to their normal activities.
9. Low risk of complications. Modern laser vision correction procedures have a low risk of complications. Thanks to advances in technology and medical experience, complications are unlikely and most patients have safe and successful outcomes.

Laser vision correction can significantly improve patients' quality of life. Clear vision without glasses or contact lenses provides greater independence and freedom in everyday life, increases self-confidence and promotes an active lifestyle. Overall, laser vision correction has many unique advantages, including high efficiency, rapid recovery, and the inconvenience of wearing contact lenses.

There is no doubt that laser vision correction is a real breakthrough in the field of ophthalmology, it has helped millions of people around the world get rid of their dependence on glasses and contacts. However, before deciding on such a serious procedure, it is important to familiarize yourself with its features, risks and possible benefits. This is the only way you can make an informed decision and increase your chances of achieving clear and comfortable vision for many years.